Une chokwadi here kuti ndeipi kupera kwakanakira fenicha yako yemapuranga? Kana zvasvika pakuwedzera kupedzisa kubata kune imwe fenicha, pane zvakawanda zvingasarudzwa: yakajairika varnish, shellac, lacquers, polyurethane, acrylics ... Imwe neimwe ine maitiro ayo, zvakanakira uye nekuipira., uye sarudzo inogona kuita mutsauko zvese zvinoyevedza uye zvinoshanda. Wood, kuve chinhu chechisikigo, Inoda kudzivirirwa kubva pakunyorova, kuvhunduka uye vamiririri vekunze, uye kupedzisa kuchasarudza zvose zviri zviviri chitarisiko chayo uye kugara kwayo nokufamba kwenguva.
Munyika yekushongedza nekudzorera, kusarudza pakati pe shellac nemamwe marudzi evarnishes ndeimwe yezvisarudzo zvakakosha. Hazvina kukwana kutarisa kupenya kana ruvara; Simba, nyore kushandisa, kuchengetedza uye kukwanisa kuratidza kunaka kwechisikigo kwehuni ndizvo zvinokosha. Muchikamu chino tinogadzirisa kusava nechokwadi kwako kwose nekuongorora Mhando imwe neimwe yevarnish uye kupedza, inotsanangura zvakadzama kusiyana kwavo, yakakurudzirwa kushandiswa uye mazano ekushandisa, kuitira kuti iwe ugone kuita sarudzo yakanaka maererano nezvaunoda.
Chii chinonzi shellac? Zvakanakira uye zvivakwa zve shellac
Shellac, inozivikanwawo selacquer, ivarnish yakasikwa yakashandiswa kwemazana emakore kunakisa nekudzivirira huni.. Inowanikwa kubva kune resin yakavanzwa ne 'lac' tupembenene, iyo inounganidzwa kunyanya muIndia neSoutheast Asia. Mushure mekuchenesa uye kupera mudoro, inova shellac varnish sezvatinoziva.
Pakati pake chikuru zvakanakira, inomiririra:
- Wedzera kunaka kwechisikigo kwehuni, kupa kudziya, kupfava kupenya nekadiki amber hue inosimudzira tsinga uye ruzivo.
- Easy kushanda: Inogona kuparadzirwa nebhurashi, padhi kana chidhori, chakanakira vese nyanzvi uye amateurs.
- Dziviriro inoshanda kurwisana nematanho, maduku maduku uye kushandiswa kwemazuva ose, kunyange zvazvo kuramba kwayo kuri pakati.
- Ecological uye chepfu-isina chigadzirwa, inokurudzirwa zvakanyanya kumapurojekiti uko kunotsvakwa kupedzwa kwehushamwari.
- Kurumidza kuomesa pakati pejasi, iyo inofambisa kuvakwa kweanoyevedza akawanda-layer uye akakwenenzverwa kupera.
Pasinei nekunaka kwayo, Shellac haina kukodzera mumamiriro ese ezvinhu. Haibvumiri kupisa kwakanyanya zvakanaka. kana kusangana kwenguva refu nemvura kana makemikari akasimba, saka haisi iyo yakanakisa sarudzo yekicheni, yekugezera kana fenicha yekunze pasina kumwe kudzivirira. Zvisinei, Izvo hazvienzaniswi kudzoreredza zvekare, zviridzwa zvemumhanzi uye kuwana hunyanzvi hwekupedzisa pamhando yefenicha..
Kusiyana kwevarnishes: marudzi, maitiro uye mashandisirwo
Izvo zvakasikwa zvevarnish zvakafara sezvinodiwa zvekupedzisa mukushongedza. Kusarudza iyo yakanyatsokodzera zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita semhando yehuni, chinangwa chekushandiswa, zvakatipoteredza, uye maitiro ekushongedza. Varnishes inonyanya kusiyaniswa nekuumbwa kwavo, nhanho yekudzivirira yavanopa, kupera kwavo kwekuona (gloss, satin, kana matte), uye nyore kushandisa uye kugadzirisa.
Kazhinji varnish
Classic varnish ndeimwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa kupedza kuratidza huni uye kuidzivirira kubva kune unyoro, UV mwaranzi uye kupfeka. Kuumbwa kwaro kunowanzoenderana nemasikirwo echisikigo kana ekugadzira resins yakanyungudutswa mune zvinonyungudutsa kana mvura. Pakati pezvinhu zvayo zvikuru, inomira pachena:
- Kupera kwakasimba uye kwakasimba, yakanakira fenicha pasi pekushandisa zvakanyanya uye rustic kana kunze nharaunda.
- Inowanikwa mune gloss, matte kana satin kupera, kuchinjira kumaitiro anodiwa: kubva pakunaka kwepiyano gloss kusvika kune chokwadi che matte.
- Variable levels of protection Zvichienderana nechimiro: mamwe mavhanishi anowedzera UV mafirita kana fungicides, kunyanya ayo akagadzirirwa kushandiswa kunze.
- Kushandiswa kuri nyore nebhurashi, roller kana pfuti yekupfapfaidza, kukubvumira kuvhara nzvimbo huru kana duku nyore nyore.
Iyo varnish inoshanda zvakasiyana, asi Kuumbwa kwayo kunogona kukanganisa inzwi rekupedzisira rehuni. Kune mavarnish asina mavara ekuchengetedza iwo ekutanga ruvara uye mamwe anowedzera nuances, akanakira munhu fenicha uye kupa kudziya.
Varnishes maererano nekuumbwa: polyurethane, acrylic uye synthetic
Pane masynthetic akasiyana anovandudza kuramba kana kugadzirisa chaiwo maitiro:
- Polyurethane varnish: Inopa a dziviriro yakasarudzika kubva pakupfeka, abrasion uye mwando. Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa pauriri, magonhi, mapuratifomu uye nzvimbo dziri pasi pepamusoro traffic. Mapoka maviri makuru: solvent-based (yakawanda yechinyakare uye yakasimba, asi isingabatanidzi zvakatipoteredza) uye mvura-yakavakirwa (yakachena uye yakachengeteka, kunyange zvazvo inowanzodhura zvishoma uye yakagadziridzwa zvikuru maererano nekugara kwenguva refu).
- acrylic varnish: Inooma nekukurumidza, haina yero uye inoremekedza ruvara. Iyo yakanakisa sekudzivirira kwemabasa eumhizha, zvidimbu zvekushongedza kana nzvimbo apo kutendeseka kwakanyanya kune yekutanga ruvara kunodiwa. Kukanganisa kwayo kukuru ndiko low abrasion resistance, saka hazvikurudzirwi munzvimbo dzekushandisa zvakanyanya.
- Synthetic varnishes (alkyd): Vanopa Kunyanya kupikisa kune unyoro, kushanduka uye kuchengetedza mamiriro ekunze. Inowanikwa munzvimbo dzekunze, fenicha yemumugwagwa, mabhoti nemagonhi. Ivo vanowanzo batanidza zvinowedzera senge UV mafirita kana fungicides.
- Epoxy varnish: Zvikamu zviviri zvine makemikari akakwirira uye kudzivirira kwemuviri. Kushandiswa kwaro kwakajairika muzvikepe, dhizaini uye fenicha inoratidzirwa kune yakanyanyisa mamiriro. Kupedzisa kunowanzo kupenya uye kunogara kwenguva refu.
- Nitrocellulose varnish: Yakanakira kwazvo, yakatsetseka uye inopenya kupera, inofarirwa muzviridzwa zvemimhanzi uye kudzoreredza kwehunyanzvi. Inonyanya kushandiswa nepfuti yekupfapfaidza uye inomesa nekukurumidza, kunyangwe ichinzwa nekupisa, hunyoro uye makemikari ejenti.
- Polyester varnish: Yakanakisa kufukidzwa uye kupenya, asi isinganyanyi kuchinjika uye inonzwa kune mamiriro ekunze.. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukati memukati, magonhi, fenicha yekicheni uye pese panodiwa kupenya kusingagoneki.
Iyo yakasiyana-siyana yevarnish inokubvumira kuti usarudze chakanakira chigadzirwa chinoenderana nebasa rechinhu, kudiwa kwekudzivirira, uye inodiwa inoyevedza kupera.
Shellac vs. Mamwe Varnishes: Key Differences
Kana uchienzanisa shellac nemamwe mavhanishi, pane zvakawanda zvakakosha zvakasiyana-siyana mumhando yechigadzirwa uye mukushanda kwazvinopa.. Misiyano iyi inodarika mavambo uye inokanganisa maonero ekuona, kusimba, uye kugadzirisa kana kudzoreredza sarudzo.
- Maumbirwo uye mabviro: Shellac yakasikwa zvachose (resin uye doro), nepo mavarnish akawanda emazuva ano ari ekugadzira.
- Kupera kwekuona: Shellac inomira kunze kwayo kudziya, kupenya kwakapfava, nekunakisa pazviyo zvehuni. Mamwe mavhanishi anogona kuve akajeka, anopenya, matte kana satin, akasiyana-siyana mukugadzirisa kwaanoita kutaridzika kwekutanga kwefenicha.
- Resistance uye kugadzirisa: Synthetic varnishes (polyurethane, polyester, epoxies) Vanopa kudzivirirwa kwakasimba kubva kune zvinokanganisa, mvura uye makemikari. Shellac, kunyangwe ichidzivirira kubva pamavara emwenje uye makwara, inonzwa nekupisa, hunyoro, uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa, saka inoda kutariswa kwakanyanya uye kugadzirisa, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakaoma.
- Kureruka kwekushandisa uye kugadzirisa: Shellac inogona kuiswa nyore nyore uye kudzoreredzwa, sezvo matanda ekare anonyungudika nedoro uye anogona 'kunyungudutswa' nemashandisirwo matsva. Mamwe mavhanishi, kunyanya ekugadzira, anoda kubviswa kwakaoma kana jecha rakadzika kugadzirisa kukanganisa.
- Kuremekedza kwezvakatipoteredza: Shellac ndeimwe yezvakatipoteredza uye ine hutano sarudzo, isina chepfu uye utsi hwakakasharara, zvichienzaniswa nemakemikari-based varnishes angada midziyo yekudzivirira uye mhepo yakakodzera.
Kusarudza pakati pe shellac nemamwe varnishes zvinoenderana nemhando yefenicha, kushandiswa kwayo uye inodiwa aesthetic.. Nezve kudzoreredza, fenicha yekare, kana kupedzisa kwehunyanzvi, shellac haikundike. Kune zvikamu zviri pasi pekushandiswa kwakanyanya uye kuratidzwa, synthetics uye polyurethanes inofanirwa kuve sarudzo.
Mamwe mapuranga anopera uye basa rawo mukushongedza
Pamusoro pevarnish uye shellac, kune dzimwe sarudzo dzakakurumbira dzekudzivirira nekusimudzira huni, imwe neimwe iine maitiro ayo akasiyana uye mabasa:
- Wakisi: Inopa kupedzisa kwechisikigo, kupfava kune kubata uye nyore kugadzirisa, asi inopa dziviriro shoma pamvura kana kuputika. Yakanakira fenicha isingawanzo fumurwa kana uko kunonyanya kutsvakwa uchokwadi.
- Mafuta: Sezvakaita linseed, tung kana mafuta emisidhari, Vanopinda zvakadzika uye vanodyisa huni, kuwedzera kutaridzika kwayo uye kubatsira kuchengetedza unyoro hwayo hwepanyama. Iyo yekupedzisa ndeye matte kana satin, uye kunyangwe ichipa dziviriro, inowanzoda nguva nenguva kudzokorora.
- Lacquer: Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kupa inopenya uye inopikisa kupera. Inogona kunge yakagadzirwa kana yakasikwa (usapesanisa lacquer yekutengeserana ne shellac). Inowanzo shandiswa nepfuti yekupfapfaidza uye inokurudzirwa kune fenicha yemukati yakapihwa kushoma kwayo kumamiriro ekunze kana ichienzaniswa neyechinyakare varnish.
- Pendi dzine mvura: Yakanaka kune avo vanosarudza kuwedzera ruvara pasina kurasikirwa nekugadzirwa kwehuni. Vanooma nokukurumidza uye vanobudisa kunhuhwirira kushoma, kunyange zvazvo dzingave dzisingadziviriri kune zvinotyisa uye kupisa kwakanyanya.
- Mvura-based finishes: Yakashandiswa zvakanyanya kuchengetedza kutaridzika kwechisikigo, zviri nyore kushandisa uye nekukurumidza kuoma, asi kudzivirira kwavo pakupfeka kwakanyanya kunogumira.
Sarudzo yekupedzisa kazhinji inopindura kune zvikonzero zvekushongedza, asi iyo chaiyo yekushandisa iyo ichapihwa kune fenicha kana pamusoro inofanira kugara ichifungwa: Chiyero pakati pekudzivirira, aesthetics uye kusununguka kwekugadzirisa ndicho chinhu chikuru chekubudirira kwechisarudzo..
Mhando dze shellac uye mafomu anowanikwa
Shellac inowanikwa pamusika mune akasiyana mharidzo, ichichinjika kune akasiyana huni uye inodiwa mhedzisiro.. Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve nzira dzakasiyana dzekushandisa uye matekiniki, unogona kubvunza yedu Nhungamiro yezvinyorwa zvehuni nemadziro.
- Wakisi yakajeka: Inokurudzirwa kumapuranga akareruka (maple, fir, nezvimwewo), inopa kudzivirirwa uye kuwedzera pasina kugadzirisa ruvara.
- Wakisi yakasviba: Yakanakira miti yakasviba (walnut, oak, nezvimwewo), inosimbisa kudzika uye kudziya kwezviyo.
- Wakisi ine ruvara: Yakakwana yekuwedzera nuances uye kudzoreredza fenicha yekare ine munhu kubata.
- Aerosol fomati: Inofambisa kushandiswa munzvimbo diki kana dzakaoma-kusvika, zvichibvumira yunifomu, isina mitsetse.
- Flake uye disc fomati: Inokodzera maresitorendi uye nyanzvi, inofanirwa kunyungudutswa mudoro isati yashandiswa kuti iwane iyo yaunoda kusungwa.
- Yakagadzirira-kushandisa-mvura shellac: Ndiyo inonyanya kushanda sarudzo yeDIY, kunyangwe isina kuchena pane iyo 'mbishi' fomati.
Chisarudzo chemhando uye chimiro chichaenderana nechidimbu, chigumisiro chinotarisirwa uye ruzivo rwemushandisi.
Nzira yekushandisa sei shellac nemamwe mavhanishi kuti uwane kupedzisa kwehunyanzvi?
Kushandisa chaiko kwakakosha kuti uwane inogara kwenguva refu, yakanaka, uye kunyange kupedzisa neshellac kana chero imwe varnish:
- Gadzirira pamusoro: Ngwarira jecha huni kusvikira iine hunyoro, yakachena, isina varnish yekare kana tsvina.
- Chikumbiro: Shellac inogona kushandiswa nebhurashi, chidhori kana padhi, inopararira yakaonda, kunyange zvidimbu. Mamwe mavhanishi anobvumira brashi, roller kana spray zvichienderana nemhando.
- Kuomesa nejecha repakati: Rega jasi rega rega riome zvachose, uye kana uchitsvaga nzvimbo yakatsetseka, yakakwenenzverwa, jecha shoma pakati pemajasi.
- Mamwe ma layer: Kuti uwedzere kusimba, shandisa majasi akawanda anotevedzana, anogara ari matete uye akagovaniswa zvakanaka.
- Pakupedzisira polishing: Kana kupedzisa kuchida, vhara jasi rekupedzisira nejira rakapfava kuti uwane kupenya kwaunoda uye magadzirirwo.
Zvinokosha: Ambient tembiricha uye humidity inokanganisa kuomesa uye kupera. Shanda munzvimbo dzine mhepo inofefetera uye chengetedza chidimbu kubva kuguruva kana zvidimbu zvinoyangarara pachiri kuoma.
Kuchengetedza uye kutarisira fenicha inobatwa ne shellac uye varnishes
Kuchengetedza kunosiyana zvichienderana nechigadzirwa chinoshandiswa, asi mune zvese zvinokurudzirwa:
- Nguva dzose kuchenesa nemucheka wakapfava, wakaoma, kudzivisa zvinhu zvinokuvadza kana mapedhi anogona kukanganisa kupera.
- Dzivisa kuratidzwa zvakananga kuchiedza chezuva uye zvinwiwa kunyanya munyaya ye shellac, iyo inogona kusvibisa kana kurasikirwa nekupenya kwayo nekuda kwekuparara kana chiedza chakanyanya.
- Periodic reapplication: Shellac inobvumira nyore kubata-ups nekushandisa majasi matsva mushure mekuchenesa uye kureruka jecha. Kana mavarnish ekugadzira akasakara, anoda jecha rakareruka uye jasi idzva, kana kana akakuvadzwa zvakanyanya, kubviswa kwakakwana uye kupendazve.
- Kuenderana pakudzidza: Usati washandisa varnish kune matanda atogadzirwa, tarisa mamiriro ekuputira ekare uye chero ipi zvayo inogona kusapindirana kwemakemikari pakati pezvigadzirwa.
Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa pamusoro pehuni varnishes uye kupedza
Pazasi tinopindura mimwe yemibvunzo inowanzo zivikanwa:
- Mangani majasi evarnish anodiwa? Hapana mutemo wakatemwa; Muzviitiko zvakawanda, 2 kusvika ku3 majasi akakwana, asi nguva dzose tevera mazano emugadziri.
- Iwe unogona here varnish yakatobata huni? Izvo zvinoenderana nemamiriro evarnish yapfuura uye kuenderana kwayo: kana yakakuvadzwa, zvinokurudzirwa kuibvisa. Kana iri muchimiro chakanaka, jecha rakareruka rinogona kukwana.
- Ndinogona kushandura toni yehuni ine varnished? Zvinokwanisika kuisa mumvuri wakasviba wevarnish pamusoro pechigadziko chechiedza, asi zvakanakisisa kusvibisa huni kutanga uye ipapo varnish.
- Unochenesa sei fenicha ine varnished? Shandisa jira riri nyore, uye apo neapo rakanyoroveswa uye rakanyatsopwanywa nemvura uye sipo isina kwayakarerekera. Dzivisa ammonia, bleach kana zvigadzirwa zvehasha.
- Pane mavarnish asinganhuhwi here? Mvura-based varnishes ine kunhuhwirira kwakanyanya uye kunonakidza kupfuura solvent-based varnishes.
Nyika yehuni inopera inyika yezvinogona, kupi Sarudzo pakati pe shellac nemamwe mavarnish ichaenderana nezvako zvakakosha: chokwadi uye kudzoreredza, kupikisa kwakanyanya, kusununguka kwekugadzirisa kana kushamwaridzana kwezvakatipoteredza.. Nokunyatsonzwisisa zvivako uye kusiyana pakati pemhando imwe neimwe, iwe uchakwanisa kunakidzwa nefenicha uye zvinhu zvekushongedza izvo zvisiri izvo chete zvakanaka, asiwo zvakasimba uye zvinoenderana nemaitiro ako.
